What is a tariff and who pays it?

A tax on imported goods, collected at the border from the importer. Whether the cost lands on foreign producers, domestic companies, or consumers depends on how much room each has to change prices, which is why the same tariff can raise consumer prices in one industry and squeeze corporate margins in another.

How do tariffs affect inflation and interest rates?

Tariffs raise the price of imported goods and of domestic goods that compete with them, which shows up in inflation data. Central banks then have to judge whether that is a one-time price shift or the start of broader inflation, and that judgment feeds directly into rate decisions.

What are export controls?

Government restrictions on selling specific technologies or products to specific countries or companies, used for national-security reasons. In recent years they have centered on advanced semiconductors and the equipment that makes them, which is why trade policy and the AI story overlap.

Topic · Gokhshtein Media

Tariffs & Trade

Tariffs, trade deals, export controls, and sanctions — the policy tools repricing global supply chains

30 stories · Updated 2d ago

Trade policy went from a background variable to a daily market driver. Tariff announcements move currencies, inflation expectations, and entire sectors within the hour, and export controls now decide which countries get which technology. This hub gathers the Macro, Political, and World desks’ trade coverage: the tariffs, the deals, the retaliation, and the companies and consumers who pay.

Coverage led by The Macro & Rates Desk

The basics · reviewed September 25, 2026

What is a tariff and who pays it?: A tax on imported goods, collected at the border from the importer. Whether the cost lands on foreign producers, domestic companies, or consumers depends on how much room each has to change prices, which is why the same tariff can raise consumer prices in one industry and squeeze corporate margins in another.
How do tariffs affect inflation and interest rates?: Tariffs raise the price of imported goods and of domestic goods that compete with them, which shows up in inflation data. Central banks then have to judge whether that is a one-time price shift or the start of broader inflation, and that judgment feeds directly into rate decisions.
What are export controls?: Government restrictions on selling specific technologies or products to specific countries or companies, used for national-security reasons. In recent years they have centered on advanced semiconductors and the equipment that makes them, which is why trade policy and the AI story overlap.

Terms to know

Anti-dumping duty Balance of payments Bonded warehouse Container freight Countervailing duty Currency manipulation Customs and Border Protection De minimis exemption Embargo Entity List Export controls Free trade agreement Global trade volume Harmonized Tariff Schedule Full glossary →

Technology

Nvidia's China Market Share Collapses to 34% During Export Controls

IDC data shows Nvidia's AI chip shipments to China fell 44 percent year-over-year in H1 2026, as U.S. export restrictions open the door to domestic competitors

By The Technology Desk3 min read2d ago