What it is
U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is the largest federal law enforcement agency within the Department of Homeland Security. Its primary mission involves securing the U.S. borders while also facilitating legitimate trade and travel. CBP officers inspect goods entering the country, collect import duties and taxes, and ensure compliance with a vast array of U.S. laws and regulations related to trade, health, and safety.
CBP's actions directly impact the flow of goods, trade costs, and supply chain efficiency. They enforce tariffs, anti-dumping, and countervailing duties, and ensure goods meet rules of origin requirements. Delays in customs clearance or enforcement actions can disrupt supply chains, increase shipping rates, and affect inventory levels for businesses. Their role is central to implementing trade policy and protecting domestic industries.
Why it matters
CBP's enforcement of trade laws and tariffs directly impacts import costs, supply chain efficiency, and the availability of goods in the U.S. market.
Reviewed under editorial standardsUpdated September 26, 2026Not investment advice