What it is
A CPU, or Central Processing Unit, is often called the "brain" of a computer. It executes instructions, performs calculations, and manages the flow of information for the entire system. Unlike GPUs, which are optimized for parallel processing, CPUs are designed for sequential tasks and general-purpose computing, handling everything from operating system functions to running application software. Modern CPUs often contain multiple processing cores to handle several tasks concurrently.
CPUs are fundamental to nearly all computing devices, from personal computers and servers to embedded systems. Their performance and efficiency are critical factors in the overall speed and power consumption of electronic products. The market for CPUs is dominated by a few major manufacturers, with competition driving innovation in process nodes and chip architecture. News frequently covers new CPU generations, their benchmarks, and their integration into data centers and consumer devices.
Why it matters
CPUs are the core processors in almost every digital device, directly influencing the speed, efficiency, and capabilities of your computers and smartphones.
Reviewed under editorial standardsUpdated September 26, 2026Not investment advice