What it is
A validator is a participant in a Proof of Stake (PoS) blockchain network, such as Ethereum, responsible for verifying transactions and proposing new blocks to the chain. To become a validator, an entity must stake a certain amount of the network's native cryptocurrency (e.g., 32 ETH for Ethereum). Validators are chosen probabilistically based on their stake size and are rewarded for honest participation and penalized (slashed) for malicious or negligent behavior.
Validators are crucial for the security and operation of PoS networks. Their activity, including uptime and successful block proposals, directly affects network stability and decentralization. Retail investors might choose to run their own validator node if they have sufficient capital and technical expertise, or they can delegate their stake to a staking pool or liquid staking provider. Monitoring validator performance can offer insights into network health.
Why it matters
Validators secure Proof of Stake networks; understanding their role helps you assess network decentralization and the risks of staking.
Reviewed under editorial standardsUpdated September 26, 2026Not investment advice