WASHINGTON — Dr. Anthony Fauci faces a prolonged legal battle after a Senate committee voted to hold him in contempt. The former director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases invoked the Fifth Amendment 111 times, declining to answer questions from the Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee about his handling of the COVID pandemic.

Chuck Todd, former host of "Meet the Press," sharply criticized Fauci's decision on CNN. Todd called the Fifth Amendment invocations a "huge mistake" and a "terrible end to his legacy" that significantly "harmed the perception of public health."

New York University law professor Ryan Goodman also questioned Fauci's approach on CNN, saying the legal course "wasn't the best course" for the former public health official.

The contempt charge stems from Fauci's repeated refusal to provide information to the committee, which is investigating the government's pandemic response and Fauci's role in it. The panel has obtained Fauci's iPhone, and his diary entries are described as "damning."

When Congress holds an individual in contempt, the matter may be referred to the Justice Department for potential prosecution. The legal path ahead does not guarantee jail time, but Fauci is expected to endure a years-long battle over his actions and decisions during the pandemic, including how he managed public health messaging and scientific research funding.