Glossary · Federal Reserve

Labor force participation rate

The labor force participation rate is the percentage of the working-age population that is either employed or actively seeking employment.

What it is

The labor force participation rate calculates the proportion of the civilian noninstitutional population aged 16 or older who are either working or have actively looked for work in the past four weeks. It excludes those not seeking employment, such as retirees, students, or stay-at-home parents. A higher rate suggests more people are engaged in the workforce, potentially increasing the economy's productive capacity.

This rate is a key component of the monthly Jobs Report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The Federal Reserve watches it to understand the health and potential growth of the labor market. A rising participation rate can indicate a stronger economy, while a declining rate might suggest discouraged workers or demographic shifts. It influences the interpretation of the unemployment rate and wage pressures.

Why it matters

This rate indicates the overall health and capacity of the labor market. A higher rate can signal a stronger economy, affecting wage growth and inflation dynamics.

Reviewed under editorial standardsUpdated September 26, 2026Not investment advice